DISCLAIMER: This article is based on information from the public domain and/or the experts we spoke to. Always consult your health practitioner before starting any routine.

Diabetologist Dr Jothydev Kesavadev led the paper, which was co-authored by several leading diabetes experts from across the country, along with Dr Niti Pall, President-Elect of the International Diabetes Federation, Europe.

“In India, there are more than 100 million people affected by diabetes. And among diabetics, there is a close to 2-4 times risk of developing heart attack, stroke, and multiple other infections and complications. Despite treatment, in 80-90 per cent of people, glucose remains high in our country. In our recommendation, we have mentioned that the dengue vaccine should be a part of routine care in diabetes,” Dr Jothydev told indianexpress.com.

Here’s what you should note.

Dr Rajiv Kovil, diabetes and obesity specialist at Zandra Healthcare, said that this is not a randomised trial but a review of existing evidence. “International observational studies and meta-analyses consistently suggest that people with diabetes who contract dengue have a higher likelihood of severe disease and possibly death. However, association does not prove causation, and the risk may also reflect age, obesity, kidney disease, hypertension or poor glycaemic control,” said Dr Kovil.

Symptoms to watch out for.

The initial symptoms are similar for anyone with dengue and include high fever, severe body aches, headache, pain behind the eyes, nausea, and skin rash. “However, people with diabetes should be particularly aware if they experience persistent vomiting, severe abdominal pain, unusual drowsiness, bleeding from the gums or nose, reduced urine output, dizziness, or sudden weakness. They should also check their blood glucose more often because infections can cause unpredictable spikes or, in some cases, low sugar episodes due to poor food intake,” said Dr Vijay Negalur, HoD diabetology, KIMS Hospitals, Thane.

Hydration is crucial (Photo: Getty Images/Thinkstock)

Prevention

Prevention starts with avoiding mosquito bites by using repellents, wearing long-sleeved clothing, and getting rid of stagnant water around the home. Dr Negalur said that it is equally important to keep diabetes well-managed since stable blood sugar supports a stronger immune response. “Stay well-hydrated, eat balanced meals, and don’t ignore a fever that lasts more than a day or two. Anyone with diabetes who shows symptoms of dengue should seek medical advice early rather than wait for the illness to worsen,” said Dr Negalur.

“Vaccination recommendations must follow approved indications and national policy,” added Dr Kovil.

If someone with diabetes is diagnosed with dengue, are there any special treatment or monitoring considerations?

Dr Negalur noted that some diabetes medications might need “temporary adjustments” based on the patient’s condition, appetite, and hydration status. “Timely medical supervision and regular monitoring of platelet counts, blood glucose, and overall health can greatly lower the risk of serious complications and support a smoother recovery,” said Dr Negalur.

DISCLAIMER: This article is based on information from the public domain and/or the experts we spoke to. Always consult your health practitioner before starting any routine.

DISCLAIMER: This article is based on information from the public domain and/or the experts we spoke to. Always consult your health practitioner before starting any routine.

Dr Chaitanya Vemu, senior consultant, ophthalmology, KIMS Hospitals Thane, said the term “eye infection” refers to many conditions that affect different parts of the eye. “These infections can result from viruses, bacteria, fungi, or, less often, parasites. The symptoms and treatment can vary based on which part of the eye is affected,” said Dr Vemu.

One common eye infection is conjunctivitis, or pink eye. This condition involves inflammation of the conjunctiva, the thin, clear membrane that covers the white part of the eye and the inner eyelids. Viral conjunctivitis is particularly common and spreads easily through direct contact with infected fluids or contaminated surfaces. “However, not every red or irritated eye is conjunctivitis, so it’s important to avoid self-diagnosing,” said Dr Vemu.

Notably, while the monsoon brings welcome relief from the heat, it also increases the risk of eye infections, especially conjunctivitis, commonly known as pink eye. “High humidity, frequent rains, and exposure to contaminated water create an ideal environment for viruses and bacteria to spread. Viral conjunctivitis is highly contagious and can easily spread through direct contact, shared towels, handkerchiefs, pillow covers, or by touching infected surfaces and then rubbing the eyes. Common symptoms include redness, itching, watering, swelling of the eyelids, sticky discharge, burning sensation, sensitivity to light, and a feeling of something being stuck in the eye,” said Dr Pallavi Bipte, ophthalmologist, Zynova Shalby Hospital, Ghatkopar West, Mumbai.

Here’s what you should know (Photo: Freepik)

Signs you should watch out for

According to Dr Vemu, redness, watering, irritation, itching, a gritty feeling, mild swelling of the eyelids, and discharge are among the most common signs of an eye infection. Some people may also notice blurred vision due to excessive tearing or discharge. “While mild viral infections often improve with supportive care, severe eye pain, increased sensitivity to light, persistent blurred vision, significant swelling, or symptoms affecting only one eye with worsening discomfort should not be ignored. These signs could indicate a more serious issue involving the cornea or deeper parts of the eye and require immediate evaluation by an ophthalmologist,” said Dr Vemu.

Precautions

Good hygiene is the first line of defence. “Wash your hands often, avoid rubbing your eyes, and do not share towels, pillows, cosmetics, eye drops, or contact lenses. If there is redness along with watering or discharge, it’s best to limit close contact until a doctor can determine if the infection is contagious. Contact lens users should stop wearing their lenses until the eye has fully healed. It’s also best to avoid using over-the-counter eye drops without medical advice, as the wrong medication can sometimes worsen the issue instead of helping it,” said Dr Vemu.

What to note?

A common error is assuming every eye infection is the same and starting treatment based on advice from friends, old prescriptions, or internet searches. Dr Vemu clarified that antibiotic drops do not help viral infections, and using steroid eye drops without supervision can worsen certain infections and even threaten vision. “People should also avoid rubbing their eyes, wearing contact lenses, or using eye makeup until the infection has cleared up. If it turns out to be conjunctivitis, simple steps like cleaning away discharge with sterile cotton, using cold compresses for comfort, and practicing good hand hygiene can help reduce discomfort and limit spread. However, the most important step is to get the right diagnosis, as treatment depends on the underlying cause, not just the redness,” said Dr Vemu.

DISCLAIMER: This article is based on information from the public domain and/or the experts we spoke to. Always consult your health practitioner before starting any routine.